Fear of Knowledge and Power
In the past, many rulers believed that knowledge was dangerous. They felt that if people learned even a little, the system of oppression would...
The Role of the Nobles’ Retainers
The retainers of the nobility were men who served powerful lords and shared in their military life. Because many of them were of similar...
Reflection and the Weakening of Authority
Everything that teaches people to think, reflect, and compare ideas naturally weakens systems of absolute authority. When individuals begin to question and examine the...
Use of Beads in Turkish Culture
Beads for Prayers and Conversation
In Turkish culture, beads are used not only to count prayers but also for conversational purposes. The Mohammedan faith requires...
The Waterfront of Constantinople
Waterfront Space Taken by Palaces
The waterfront of Constantinople is not used for typical shipping purposes, like docks or warehouses. Instead, it is occupied by...
Caution Regarding National Etiquette
Respect for Veiled Women
The first piece of advice given to strangers in Constantinople is about understanding the local etiquette, especially regarding veiled women. It...










